Gestational diabetes statistics The term non-insulin-dependent diabetes is thus inaccurate and misleading. Type I diabetes is usually an autoimmune disorder, in which the body's own immune system attacks the beta cells in the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas, destroying them or damaging them sufficiently to reduce or eliminate insulin production. Many Type 2 diabetics still produce some insulin internally, and all have some degree of insulin resistance. Certainly not all type 2 diabetics have a family history of the condition. The autoimmune attack may be triggered by reaction to an infection, for example by one of the viruses of the Coxsackie virus family. Since insulin is the principal hormone that regulates uptake of glucose into most cells from the blood (primarily muscle and fat cells, but not central nervous system cells), deficiency of insulin or the insensitivity of its receptors plays a central role in all forms of diabetes mellitus. In severe cases perinatal death may occur, most monly as a result of poor placental profusion due to vascular impairment. Gestational diabetes statistics. The current remended goal for HbA1c in patients with diabetes is <7.0%, as defined as "good glycemic control", although some guidelines are stricter (<6.5%). Type 2 diabetes mellitus - previously known as adult-onset diabetes, maturity-onset diabetes, or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) - is due to a bination of defective insulin secretion and defective responsiveness to insulin (often termed insulin resistance or reduced insulin sensitivity), almost certainly involving the insulin receptor in cell membranes. Some suggest that vitamin D3 may be an important pathogenic factor in type 1 diabetes independent of geographical latitude [7]. Vacor (N-3-pyridylmethyl-N'-p-nitrophenyl urea), a rodenticide introduced in the United States in 1975, selectively destroys pancreatic beta cells, resulting in Type 1 diabetes after accidental or intentional ingestion. Gestational diabetes statistics. Baby gestational diabetes
This leads to substantially increased morbidity and mortality in both Type 1 and Type 2 patients, but the two have quite different origins and treatments despite the similarity in plications which often confuse even diabetics. About 90-95% of all North American cases of diabetes are type 2, and about 20% of the population over the age of 65 has diabetes mellitus type 2. "Insights from the diabetes control and plications trial/epidemiology of diabetes interventions and plications study on the use of intensive glycemic treatment to reduce the risk of plications of type 1 diabetes.". Individuals with elevated levels of persistent anic pollutants (DDT, dioxins, PCBs and Chlordane, among others) in their body are 38 times more likely to have diabetes than individuals with low levels of these pollutants, according to a Korean study. |